Has the Covid-19 Pandemic Accentuated Inequality in the Higher Education Sector? Evidence from India
- Nivedita Sarkar, Ambedkar University Delhi, India
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India has the third largest higher education sector with 993 universities, about 40,000 colleges, 37.3 million students and 1.4 million teachers, placed only after China and the United States (AISHE 2018-19). It also holds the dubious record of registering the second highest coronavirus cases after USA. The pandemic led lockdown has severely disrupted the Indian economy and the education sector is perhaps one of the worst hit sectors. Imposing one of the most stringent lockdowns in the world, both sides of the labour market in India got disrupted, rendering 112 million jobless barely one month into the lockdown. Approximately, 24 million students from all levels of education are on the verge of dropping out of the system (UNESCO 2020). As a fallout of the pandemic, educational institutions were forced to remain shut and even after more than 7 months, it is highly uncertain when they will resume classes in the regular mode. Higher education institutions struggling to connect with the student community quickly shifted to the online mode. Interestingly, most of them acknowledge the prevalence of digital divide in India, yet its exclusionary potential has perhaps escaped notice. Further, the massive job loss has adversely impacted the paying capacity of households; possibly forcing students to abandon higher education.
In this context, this webinar – drawing on available data – would attempt to provide empirical evidence of the aforementioned propositions in order to show that in a developing country like India, online mode of teaching and learning has failed to bring about effective participation, creating a false notion of reaching out to the student community and inadvertently discriminating against those unable to join the virtual classroom.
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Nivedita Sarkar is faculty member at the School of Education Studies in Ambedkar University Delhi, India. She holds a Ph.D. in Economics of Education and her research interest lies in Economics of Education, Higher education, Applied Econometrics, Issues on inequality and Educational Financing. Earlier she worked at National Institute of Educational Planning And Administration, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy and Delhi University. Her current research focuses on skills and labour market outcomes, shadow education, privatisation in higher education and inequality in access to higher education. She has presented papers in various international and national conferences and published in academic journals, books and written popular articles.
